Compare Norfolk Island (2002) - Holy See (Vatican City) (2007)

Compare Norfolk Island (2002) z Holy See (Vatican City) (2007)

	Norfolk Island (2002)	Holy See (Vatican City) (2007)

Administrative divisions	none (territory of Australia)	none
Age structure	0-14 years: 20.2% 15-64 years: 63.9% 65 years and over: 15.9% (1996)	-
Agriculture - products	Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry	-
Airports	1 (2001)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)	-
Area	total: 34.6 sq km land: 34.6 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 0.44 sq km land: 0.44 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC	about 0.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions.	Popes in their secular role ruled portions of the Italian peninsula for more than a thousand years until the mid 19th century, when many of the Papal States were seized by the newly united Kingdom of Italy. In 1870, the pope's holdings were further circumscribed when Rome itself was annexed. Disputes between a series of "prisoner" popes and Italy were resolved in 1929 by three Lateran Treaties, which established the independent state of Vatican City and granted Roman Catholicism special status in Italy. In 1984, a concordat between the Holy See and Italy modified certain of the earlier treaty provisions, including the primacy of Roman Catholicism as the Italian state religion. Present concerns of the Holy See include religious freedom, international development, the Middle East, terrorism, interreligious dialogue and reconciliation, and the application of church doctrine in an era of rapid change and globalization. About 1 billion people worldwide profess the Catholic faith.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	-
Budget	revenues: $4.6 million expenditures: $4.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92/93)	revenues: $247 million expenditures: $243 million (2005)
Capital	Kingston	name: Vatican City geographic coordinates: 41 54 N, 12 27 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate	subtropical, mild, little seasonal temperature variation	temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to May) with hot, dry summers (May to September)
Coastline	32 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	Norfolk Island Act of 1979	new Fundamental Law promulgated by Pope JOHN PAUL II on 26 November 2000, effective 22 February 2001 (replaces the first Fundamental Law of 1929)
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island conventional short form: Norfolk Island	conventional long form: The Holy See (State of the Vatican City) conventional short form: Holy See (Vatican City) local long form: Santa Sede (Stato della Citta del Vaticano) local short form: Santa Sede (Citta del Vaticano)
Currency	Australian dollar (AUD)	-
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	-
Debt - external	$NA	-
Dependency status	territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	chief of mission: Ambassador Francis ROONEY embassy: Villa Domiziana, Via delle Terme Deciane 26, 00153 Rome mailing address: PSC 59, Box 66, APO AE 09624 telephone: [39] (06) 4674-3428 FAX: [39] (06) 575-8346
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	chief of mission: Apostolic Nuncio Archbishop Pietro SAMBI chancery: 3339 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 333-7121 FAX: [1] (202) 337-4036
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	-
Economy - overview	Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs.	This unique, noncommercial economy is supported financially by an annual contribution (known as Peter's Pence) from Roman Catholic dioceses throughout the world; by the sale of postage stamps, coins, medals, and tourist mementos; by fees for admission to museums; and by the sale of publications. Investments and real estate income also account for a sizable portion of revenue. The incomes and living standards of lay workers are comparable to those of counterparts who work in the city of Rome.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	NA kWh
Electricity - imports	-	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by Italy
Electricity - production	NA kWh	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Bates 319 m	lowest point: unnamed location 19 m highest point: unnamed location 75 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Climate Change signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution, Environmental Modification
Ethnic groups	descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians	Italians, Swiss, other
Exchange rates	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997)	euros per US dollar - 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Anthony J. MESSNER (since 4 August 1997) head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001) cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004) election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA%	chief of state: Pope BENEDICT XVI (since 19 April 2005) head of government: Secretary of State Cardinal Tarcisio BERTONE (since 15 September 2006) cabinet: Pontifical Commission appointed by the pope elections: pope elected for life by the College of Cardinals; election last held 19 April 2005 (next to be held after the death of the current pope); secretary of state appointed by the pope election results: Joseph RATZINGER elected Pope BENEDICT XVI
Exports	$1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92)	-
Exports - commodities	postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados	-
Exports - partners	Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe	-
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	calendar year
Flag description	three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band	two vertical bands of yellow (hoist side) and white with the arms of the Holy See, consisting of the crossed keys of Saint Peter surmounted by the three-tiered papal tiara, centered in the white band
GDP	purchasing power parity - $NA	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $NA	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	-
Geographic coordinates	29 02 S, 167 57 E	41 54 N, 12 27 E
Geography - note	most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated	landlocked; enclave in Rome, Italy; world's smallest state; beyond the territorial boundary of Vatican City, the Lateran Treaty of 1929 grants the Holy See extraterritorial authority over 23 sites in Rome and five outside of Rome, including the Pontifical Palace at Castel Gandolfo (the Pope's summer residence)
Highways	total: 80 km paved: 53 km unpaved: 27 km (2001)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	$17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92)	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by Italy
Imports - commodities	NA	-
Imports - partners	Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe	-
Independence	none (territory of Australia)	11 February 1929 (from Italy); note - the three treaties signed with Italy on 11 February 1929 acknowledged, among other things, the full sovereignty of the Vatican and established its territorial extent; however, the origin of the Papal States, which over the years have varied considerably in extent, may be traced back to the 8th century
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	tourism	printing; production of coins, medals, postage stamps; a small amount of mosaics and staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activities
Infant mortality rate	NA deaths/1,000 live births	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	-
International organization participation	none	CE (observer), CPLP (associate), IAEA, IOM (observer), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, NAM (guest), OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, UN (observer), UNCTAD, UNHCR, Union Latina (observer), UNWTO (observer), UPU, WIPO, WTO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	0 sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions	there are three tribunals responsible for civil and criminal matters within Vatican City; three other tribunals rule on issues pertaining to the Holy See note: judicial duties were established by the Motu Proprio of Pope PIUS XII on 1 May 1946
Labor force	NA	NA
Labor force - by occupation	tourism NA%, subsistence agriculture NA%	note: essentially services with a small amount of industry; dignitaries, priests, nuns, guards, and 3,000 lay workers live outside the Vatican
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 3.2 km border countries: Italy 3.2 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (urban area) (2005)
Languages	English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian	Italian, Latin, French, various other languages
Legal system	based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law	based on Code of Canon Law and revisions to it
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms) elections: last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9	unicameral Pontifical Commission
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	-
Literacy	NA	definition: NA total population: 100% male: 100% female: 100%
Location	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia	Southern Europe, an enclave of Rome (Italy)
Map references	Oceania	Europe
Maritime claims	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	none (landlocked)
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia	defense is the responsibility of Italy; ceremonial and limited security duties performed by Pontifical Swiss Guard
Military branches	-	Pontifical Swiss Guard (Corpo della Guardia Svizzera Pontificia)
National holiday	Pitcairners Arrival Day, 8 June (1856)	Coronation Day of Pope BENEDICT XVI, 24 April (2005)
Nationality	noun: Norfolk Islander(s) adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)	noun: none adjective: none
Natural hazards	typhoons (especially May to July)	NA
Natural resources	fish	none
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	-
Political parties and leaders	none	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	none (exclusive of influence exercised by church officers)
Population	1,866 (July 2002 est.)	821 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	-0.69% (2002 est.)	0% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 4, FM 3, shortwave 2 (2004)
Radios	2,500 (1996)	-
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Anglican 37.4%, Uniting Church in Australia 14.5%, Roman Catholic 11.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.1%, none 12.2%, unknown 17.4%, other 3.9% (1996)	Roman Catholic
Sex ratio	at birth: NA male(s)/female under 15 years: NA male(s)/female 15-64 years: NA male(s)/female 65 years and over: NA male(s)/female total population: NA male(s)/female	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	limited to cardinals less than 80 years old
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: radiotelephone service with Sydney (Australia)	general assessment: automatic digital exchange domestic: connected via fiber optic cable to Telecom Italia network international: country code - 39; uses Italian system
Telephones - main lines in use	1,087 (1983)	5,120 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1983)	-
Television broadcast stations	1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (1998)	1 (2005)
Terrain	volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains	urban; low hill
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	-
Unemployment rate	NA%	-
Waterways	none	-

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